Preventing unwanted pregnancies and adopting a proper birth control method is a major source of anxiety and worry for most couples. Knowing the choices and options available could make you feel better and help you make the right moves at the right times. Here are 12 birth control methods that work in different ways towards achieving the same end goal – preventing unwanted pregnancies.
1. The combination pill:
This is an estrogen pill that is known by the names Estrostep Fe, Ortho-Novum 7/7/7, Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo, LoEstrin 1/20, Yasmin, or Yaz. If it is taken regularly at the same time of the day, it is known to prevent more than 99 percent of pregnancies. The regular period cycle is restored and the hot flashes are eased. Note however that since it is estrogen based, it is best avoided by those above 35 years of age and smokers because it may lead to headaches, migraines, and life-threatening blood clots.
2. Progestin-only pill:
These pills do not contain estrogen and work by a slightly different mechanism. The brand names they go by are Nor-QD, Ovrette, Micronor, and Nora-BE. Commonly known as mini-pill, it is perfectly safe for smokers and patients of diabetes, heart disease and those with great risk of blood clots. They work without affecting the milk quantity of breast-feeding mothers. However, these pills are highly sensitive to the ingestion time. They have to be taken at the same time everyday and even a three-hour change in time will affect its potency and effects.
3. The extended-cycle pill:
Going by the names of Seasonale, Seasonique, or Lybrel, this pill works by delaying or stopping your periods for almost a year. Sometimes, the periods occur only once in three months. Research has not yet shown any ill effects of delayed periods but nobody can be sure of the long-term effects of the drug. It has to be taken daily for it to be effective.
4. The vaginal ring:
Going by the name of NuvaRing, this device plants into the vagina releasing estrogen and progestin. It acts like the combination pill and could be removed every fourth week for a normal period. Just like the combination pill, women who are above 35 years of age and smokers should avoid the usage of the vaginal ring.
5. The diaphragm:
The dome-shaped, rubber diaphragm prevents the entry of the sperms by covering the cervix. It is best used along with a spermicide and must be fitted only by a certified doctor. It goes by the names of Ortho All-Flex, Semina, Milex Wide Seal, and SILCS. This will not be the ideal solution for you if you suffer from urinary tract infections or have suffered from toxic shock syndrome. If you are a person who has frequent weight shifts in the range of 8-10 pounds, then also this may not be a good option as it will not fit properly.
6. The IUD:
The intra-uterine device comes as brand names ParaGuard and Mirena. It is a copper device surgically implanted in the uterus to prevent the sperms from reaching the egg. The implant also releases anti-pregnancy hormones and have an effective life of 10 years. It promises 99 percent protection but is not for those who have not yet delivered their first child. This is because the uterus expansion for implantation can be painful for those who have not given birth to any children. Though the device can be removed, this is a long-term solution and is very expensive for short-term use.
7. The female condom:
Made of soft plastic or polyurethane, the female condom is known as Protectiv, Reality, and Femy. These are inserted deep into the vaginal canal over the cervix, just like the diaphragm. This is put into its place about 6-8 hours before sex. However, this does not offer complete protection and is not advisable is you are not in a long-term monogamous relationship with your sexual partner.
8. The male condom:
This is more effective than the female condom in preventing STDs and unwanted pregnancies. Made of latex or polyurethane, the male condoms are available as Trojan, Durex or Lifestyles. They are worn over the male organ and prevent the sperms from entering the uterus. It should be avoided by males who are allergic to latex. In addition, if you need lubrication, use non-oil based one because oil degrades the latex and reduces the afforded protection.
9. The Patch:
Ortho Evra is the name by which the birth control patch is available. It can be placed on the arm, abdomen, or the buttock and it affords protection for at least a week. It releases the necessary hormones directly into the blood stream and must be avoided by those who stand a risk of blood clots. This is because the patch delivers a dosage of hormones that is 60 percent greater than that of the pill. Thus, you could develop life-threatening clots because of it.
10. The implant:
Implanon and Norplant are the brand names of small, matchstick sized implants that go under the skin. Their hormone-release remains effective for up to three years and is 100 percent effective. The only problem is that these implants are expensive, costing almost $800. Women who are overweight or those taking St. John’s wort may not find this method effective.
11. Surgical procedure:
Women can undergo a procedure wherein the fallopian tubes are blocked from carrying the eggs into the uterus. A small tube can also be inserted into fallopian tubes in a non-surgical way. Men can undergo vasectomy where the tubes carrying the sperms are cut off. These procedures are not reversible and are definitely not recommended for those planning for children sometime in their lives.
12. Emergency contraceptives:
These are back-ups for the normal contraceptive methods and therefore it is not surprising that they are marketed under the names Plan-B, Next Choice, and Copper T IUD. These pills contain the same synthetic hormones in much greater percentage and will work best if taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex. This method is recommended only for those above 18 (for law does not permit sex before that). The Copper-T IUD should be avoided if you plan to get pregnant in the near future.
Via: Health